Butterflies teach researcher about climate change

SACRAMENTO, Calif. (KGO) -- It's been a strange year, weather-wise. We had spring in winter and then winter in spring. And if it was difficult for you to adapt, it was tougher, elsewhere. However, it's making some very interesting science.

The solitary figure making his way up this road and into the Sacramento wetlands is part interloper and all observer.

"The male red winged blackbirds are ticked off for our being in the slew," Arthur Shapiro, Ph.D., said.

But Shapiro's real expertise has to do with smaller flying creatures. Shapiro has studied butterflies most of his life.

Maybe you've passed him along Northern California trails. He's spent 40 years making the same walks every two weeks, counting butterflies. It's the method to see how changes in climate affect their life histories.

Don't even ask him to estimate how many miles he has covered.

"I don't know," Shapiro said. "If I were a Toyota I would be ready for a trade-in and Toyotas are tough."

Shapiro has taught biology at UC Davis so long that he's part of the department's framework -- a beloved faculty member with an office as funky as his beard and records as meticulous as those of Charles Darwin, if not better.

He's authored a bible of butterfly spotting.

ABC7 News last walked with Shapiro two years ago. Then, he acknowledged the effects from our changing climate, but held back from commenting on mankind's role in it.

Now, with more data, he goes little further.

"My opinion is that probably, there is a significant human component to this," Shapiro said.

And in this strange, wet spring following a drought-like winter, it's been all the more interesting.

"I'm one of the folks, and there are a lot of us, who think that the predictability of the weather is going down, and in tandem with so-called global warming, and the frequency of extreme events is going up," Shapiro said.

And that's a problem because nature is all about timing. Some species take cues from the weather. Others, from the length of a day. But, they're all inter-related. They rely on each other. If they get out of synch it can lead to larger problems like reproductive failure and even extinction.

Hence this keen interest in the hearty, but delicate, 60-million-year old creatures. And the drive that keeps a 68-year-old professor on the trails.

(Copyright ©2012 KGO-TV/DT.

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Healthcare Change: This Time, It's Real

In the 15 years I've been covering the healthcare business, one question has vexed me more than any other:

Why can't healthcare be more like other industries? Bankers figured out in the 1990s that leveraging information technology to allow people to see their own records and initiate transactions whenever they want just makes good sense, so they've deployed everything from ATMs to mobile apps to this purpose. Retailers have always understood that managing customer traffic efficiently is crucial to profit margins, so more of them are installing self-checkout machines.

Trucking companies know the value of fuel preservation and accident reduction, so most rigs now include satellite technology that tracks drivers' speed, lane changes, and hard brakes.

Healthcare, though, is stuck. The Institute of Medicine recently calculated that we waste some $750 billion a year on bloated bureaucracy, outright fraud, missed prevention opportunities, and needless tests and procedures. The only surprise is the size of the waste. I'm certainly not naïve to healthcare's inefficiencies, yet even I was struck by the number: $750 billion. Every year.

"That is roughly equivalent to the annual cost of health coverage for 150 million workers, or the budget of the Defense Department, or the 2008 bank bailout," noted The New York Times.

We've just about reached the point where healthcare's unsustainably high costs will actually be sustained no longer. America has major needs on virtually every other front, from education to infrastructure to our national debt, and Medicare's trust fund is scheduled to run out of money in 12 years. We really can't afford to continue wasting that much money, and we won't. The cuts in Medicare payments to healthcare providers called for in Obamacare — and those cuts are no bluff, they're law — are going to force providers (especially hospitals) to reduce costs or go broke.

What does it mean? Three things at least:

• Physicians have more power than they know, if they're willing to leverage it, and I think their power is increasing right now. I realize that's a strange thing to say. Yes, healthcare is becoming more institutionalized as hospitals seek to increase market share and drive economies of scale. But that means hospitals need your cooperation more than ever. They've always wanted your referrals but now they need you to be their partner. That's why so many of them, even as they acquire practices and try to hire more and more staff physicians, are fretting about how to create cohesive internal physician cultures. Are you considering hospital employment? Looking at selling your practice? Now's the time to leverage your power. Start by asking yourself: What do you want from your relationship with the hospital? And what are you willing to give?

• Information technology is going to change the way healthcare is managed in this country, mostly for the better. I understand that making changes in your work style, as any new technology requires, is a slow, painful, and frustrating task. And while I'm no apologist for the EHR companies, some of whom have created poorly designed products over the years, a paper system that misplaces charts and requires patients to carry them around from one provider to the next is indefensibly archaic. It's also over.

• The transition from our fee-for-service healthcare economy to one that pays for outcomes is underway, but the transition will be long, slow, and never entirely complete. You'll always get compensated for the services you perform (provided of course that the service is covered by the payer). Changing the economics of American healthcare is going to take many, many years. And you'll always be paid something for the services you perform; but a little more of your income each year will be tied to your ability to demonstrate that what you're doing is working.

Change is coming to healthcare, at long last. Physicians can't stop the change — not this time — but they can be a powerful force in shaping it. If they so choose.

Bob Keaveney is the editorial director of Physicians Practice. Tell him what you think at bob.keaveney@ubm.com or on Facebook: Unless you say otherwise, we'll assume that we're free to publish your comments in upcoming issues of Physicians Practice, in print and online.

This article originally appeared in the October 2012 issue of Physicians Practice.

View the original article here

Healthcare Change: This Time, It's Real

In the 15 years I've been covering the healthcare business, one question has vexed me more than any other:

Why can't healthcare be more like other industries? Bankers figured out in the 1990s that leveraging information technology to allow people to see their own records and initiate transactions whenever they want just makes good sense, so they've deployed everything from ATMs to mobile apps to this purpose. Retailers have always understood that managing customer traffic efficiently is crucial to profit margins, so more of them are installing self-checkout machines.

Trucking companies know the value of fuel preservation and accident reduction, so most rigs now include satellite technology that tracks drivers' speed, lane changes, and hard brakes.

Healthcare, though, is stuck. The Institute of Medicine recently calculated that we waste some $750 billion a year on bloated bureaucracy, outright fraud, missed prevention opportunities, and needless tests and procedures. The only surprise is the size of the waste. I'm certainly not naïve to healthcare's inefficiencies, yet even I was struck by the number: $750 billion. Every year.

"That is roughly equivalent to the annual cost of health coverage for 150 million workers, or the budget of the Defense Department, or the 2008 bank bailout," noted The New York Times.

We've just about reached the point where healthcare's unsustainably high costs will actually be sustained no longer. America has major needs on virtually every other front, from education to infrastructure to our national debt, and Medicare's trust fund is scheduled to run out of money in 12 years. We really can't afford to continue wasting that much money, and we won't. The cuts in Medicare payments to healthcare providers called for in Obamacare — and those cuts are no bluff, they're law — are going to force providers (especially hospitals) to reduce costs or go broke.

What does it mean? Three things at least:

• Physicians have more power than they know, if they're willing to leverage it, and I think their power is increasing right now. I realize that's a strange thing to say. Yes, healthcare is becoming more institutionalized as hospitals seek to increase market share and drive economies of scale. But that means hospitals need your cooperation more than ever. They've always wanted your referrals but now they need you to be their partner. That's why so many of them, even as they acquire practices and try to hire more and more staff physicians, are fretting about how to create cohesive internal physician cultures. Are you considering hospital employment? Looking at selling your practice? Now's the time to leverage your power. Start by asking yourself: What do you want from your relationship with the hospital? And what are you willing to give?

• Information technology is going to change the way healthcare is managed in this country, mostly for the better. I understand that making changes in your work style, as any new technology requires, is a slow, painful, and frustrating task. And while I'm no apologist for the EHR companies, some of whom have created poorly designed products over the years, a paper system that misplaces charts and requires patients to carry them around from one provider to the next is indefensibly archaic. It's also over.

• The transition from our fee-for-service healthcare economy to one that pays for outcomes is underway, but the transition will be long, slow, and never entirely complete. You'll always get compensated for the services you perform (provided of course that the service is covered by the payer). Changing the economics of American healthcare is going to take many, many years. And you'll always be paid something for the services you perform; but a little more of your income each year will be tied to your ability to demonstrate that what you're doing is working.

Change is coming to healthcare, at long last. Physicians can't stop the change — not this time — but they can be a powerful force in shaping it. If they so choose.

Bob Keaveney is the editorial director of Physicians Practice. Tell him what you think at bob.keaveney@ubm.com or on Facebook: Unless you say otherwise, we'll assume that we're free to publish your comments in upcoming issues of Physicians Practice, in print and online.

This article originally appeared in the October 2012 issue of Physicians Practice.

View the original article here